T ate adolphe



Patented Mal". 14,1882;

(No Model.)

IINTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JEAN BAPTISTE GUSTAVE ADOLPHE CANET, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

HYDRAULIC BUFFER FOR VEHICLES SPECIFICATION forming ,part of Letters Patent No. 254,917, dated March 14, 1882.

Application led November 1, 1881. (No model.) Y

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN BAPTISTE GUS- TAVE ADOLPHE OANE'1,civilengineer, ofParis, in the Republic ot' France, have invented Hydraulic Bui-'fers for Railroad-Gars and other Vehicles; and I do hereby declare that the following' is a full and exact description thereof, reference being made to the accompanying drawings. r

The bufng apparatus at present used for preventing shocks between railway-carriages is entirely dependent upon spring action, and is neutralized it' the shock exceeds the resistance of the spring. y

The aiin of my invention is to prevent sudden shocks at collisions by so disposing the buffers as to automatically increase the resistance as the violencecf the shock is increased. In order to obtain this result I apply to the buffer an arrangementsimilar to the hydraulic brakes used on 'gun-carriages, so as to over` come the recoil, and for this purpose I prefer the arrangement hereinafter described. Y

In the accompanying drawings, Figure. 1 is a horizon tal section on the axis ot' a hydraulic butter. Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sections on the lines l 2 and 3 4.

The buffer t is secured to arod,f, which carries a piston,19, moving in a cylinder, k, which cylinder is filled with a liquid which is notliable to become frozen. The cylinder is secured to the carriage-frame.

On the inner side of the cylinder are two tapering rods, m and m. placed parallel to its axis, and entering orices n a in the piston p. The pistonrod back of the piston p is marked g, and passes through a stuffing-box at the rear end of cylinder k. A bar, 71., connected with a spring, r, is joined to the rod g. The spring r serves to normally hold the piston p at the front end of the cylinder. Supposing that the car fitted with the hydraulic butter encounters an obstacle against which the buffer t is forced, the result will be as follows: Through its moinentum the car is iinpelled forward on the rod f; but as it encounters the resistance resul-ting from the liquid in the cylinder itwillcausethe liquid to pass forward through the orifices nu of the piston. The tapering rods m'will at the saine time gradually reduce the area of the orifices a, so as to gradually increase the resistance. By this means I obtain a const-ant resistance, increasing in proportion to theviolence ot the shock and motion of the car.

In order to be quite certain that the buffer t will not come against the stuffing-box of the cylinder 10,11 prefer to construct the back pistonrod, g, smaller in diameter than the `front rod, f, so that the quantity of liquid displaced by Athe rod f may be greater than the quantity which is to replace the rod g-that is, leaving the cylinder. By thismeans theliquid is caused to be compressed, and this considerably increases the resistance ofthe buffer.

I claim- The combination ot' the buffer t and its rod fg and piston p, having oriee or orifices fn, with the cylinder k, having taperingrod or rods m, and with the spring r, for operation substantially as specified.

J. B. G. A. CANET.

Witnesses: t

C. BLTRY, A. BLTRYL 

